The Istrian ox, also known as “boškarin” in Croatian, is a breed of cattle that is native to the Istrian peninsula, which includes parts of Croatia, Slovenia, and Italy. The breed is known for its distinctive long, curved horns.

Historically, Istrian oxen were used for agricultural work, transportation, and as a source of meat. However, as modern machinery replaced animal labor, the number of Istrian oxen decreased significantly, and the breed was nearly extinct by the 1990s.

Efforts have since been made to preserve the breed, and today, there are several farms in Istria dedicated to breeding and raising boskarin. The meat of Istrian oxen is highly prized for its flavor and tenderness and it is often used in traditional Istrian dishes.

In addition to their culinary value, Istrian oxen have also become a cultural symbol of Istria and they are featured in local festivals and events.